Before I submitting my question here, I had been trying solutions to unlocking the drive that I found online. I had booted up using the OS on my eternal drive, and tried a clean reinstall that erased the HD to start over.
The only option is the recovery key. on the screen produced in the recovery mode.
I found a 24-character string I had marked as a "code" that I thought might be the recovery key for the "Macintosh HD," but then I read on Apple that recovery codes were 28 characters. Anyway, when I tried it, it did not work.
Message: "The supplied password failed to unlock the disk. "
So I cannot get past that screen in recovery mode.
I had always been able to get to the page with the four options: Restore from Time Machine, Reinstall OS system, Disk Utilities and whatever, but this time when I restart (without my external drive with the OS,) I don't get to that page at all, but only reach a black screen with the flashing ? folder. At the bottom is: support.apple.com/mac/startup
Does that mean my HD is shot or just not accessible?
I have now tried First Aid on my Macintosh HD and it says it could not unmount it for repair
Everything was working well before I tried to download Big Sur.