Why are some emails missing in Apple Mail on Mac but received on iPhone?

I am missing emails that I am sure have been sent to me, even some I have sent to myself. My iphone receives these messages but my Apple Mac does not. I do not have filtering turned on.

I have a gmail account and a bigpond account and use Apple Mail on my phone and desk top. I am guessing something is filtering out some emails that are sent to multiple addressees from associations that I belong to on the false assumption that all emails sent to mailing lists are unwanted. Any suggestions?

[Re-Titled By Moderator]