I cannot duplicate this with any of my Macs. It's not a standard feature in any version of Mac OS.
I do believe that somewhere along the way, fifteen years ago, you installed some little utility that, probably among other things, included a kernel extension that altered the way the OS addressed this particular double-click. maybe a third-party mouse or trackpad driver. Who knows? And yes, these could have been transferred from one Mac and OS to another along the way depending on how you did your upgrades.
I did stumble on a very old thread on stack overflow that suggests this can be accomplished with javascript. That reinforces my belief that your OS received some minor revision at some point. Possibly from some little utility that you've long forgotten about. Fifteen years ago it wasn't uncommon to modify the OS in this way. There were, for example, mods to create color folders or add colors to the Finder sidebar or... all sorts of things.
If you're inclined to discover what kernel extensions might be affecting your Catalina Macs, consider running EtreCheck to scan your software for those and other software that have the potential to alter the operation.
Navigate to EtreCheck.com to download the utility. Be sure to Allow Full Disk Access when you install the app. Once you’ve run the app and created your report please post it with your reply to this message.
Please note you must upload the full report. To see how, please click > How to use Add Text when posting… EtreCheck Report.
Otherwise, just believe that the feature is not in the OS. Never has been.