Is there any way to block “No Caller ID”?

For a call to be blocked completely it must be blocked at the network before the network sends it to your phone. Once it reaches the phone it is not possible to block it; all that can be done is to send it to voicemail. That's a limitation of the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) worldwide.

Then the answer is no.

Your phone does not control Verizon's voicemail system. All the phone can do is decline the call, which will result in it going to voicemail.

Well, iOS 13 has a setting that sends all calls from numbers not in your contacts to voicemail. This is a mixed benefit, because if any legitimate caller is not in your contacts they will be blocked and sent to voicemail. Calls such as your doctor's office calling with a diagnosis or an appointment reminder, for example. And many "no caller id" calls fall into this situation. But it will also block "no caller id" calls.