Yes.
To use the Mac Studio headless, you'd use Screen Sharing from the MacBook Pro to the Studio.
You have to first attach a display to the Studio to set things up, though.
It is very easy to turn on Screen Sharing: just go to System Settings->General->Sharing and turn it on:
Then as long as the two macs are in the same network, you will see the Studio as an option in the sidebar of Finder windows in the MacBook Pro. Click and choose Screen Share and there you are. You will be asked to login and then you will have the Studio screen right inside the Screen Sharing application on the MBP.